Goal: Understand these concepts and see examples in the course countries 1. civil society - - ==voluntary and outside of government!== - stronger liberal democracy -> more active and strong civil society - although the groups in a civil society aren't political, there are essential because people can promote defend and articulate what is important to them - global civil society - NGOs - Iran and China you have to register the NGO with the government examples: churches, youth groups, clubs, consumer groups, charities, trade unions, community associations 2. political culture - - the big idea - what the country beliefs - comes from history, geography, religious tradition examples: welfare state in the UK - it's important to them, while beliefs may differ religious leader in Iran, the most important thingy political socialization - how a set of values and beliefs about the government are achieved how do citizens learn about politics? does media shape their learning? does the government put forth effort to politically educate their citizens? how much of this propaganda? how do children learn about politics? examples: compulsory education in China 3. political ideologies - ![[Screenshot 2025-04-02 at 1.44.02 PM.png]] all these are important to know ⬆️ examples: neoliberalism: Margaret thatcher, the people controlling 4. political values and beliefs political participation - authoritarian: obedience paying taxes, following laws, orders very limited choices democratic: voting interest groups social movements political parties way more active civil rights and civil liberties: liberties: basic rights humans have rights: discrimination of different things Russia- has freedom of religion, but in reality isn't happening China - has freedom to protest, but isn't accepted. cleavages: divisions we see in society ex. social class, ethnic (religious or language) religious, and regional core country examples: Mexico: rural v. urban, ethnic (span-native and ameri-native) China: ehtnic, urban v. rural, gender Iran: religious (Shia Muslim and minority groups) Russia: Slavophile (lover of the Slavic way) v. Westerner (going for progress and the western way) ethnic groups, there are a lot UK: Ireland- protestants v. catholics, social class, growing of ethnic with immigrants Nigeria: ETHNIC! huge deal there coinciding - reinforcing cross cutting - complementary